Precision Drip Water Irrigation

Tandur is an IoT-based precision drip-irrigation system I built as a capstone project, aimed at the water scarcity Indonesian farmers face during prolonged droughts. The goal was to stop over-watering by irrigating only when the soil actually needs it, and to give farmers a dashboard that shows what's happening in their fields in real time.

How it's built

• Edge hardware — ESP32 LoRaWAN nodes sit in the field monitoring soil moisture and water flow, and transmit their readings up to 3 kilometers to a gateway. LoRaWAN was the choice because farm fields are large and Wi-Fi doesn't reach.
• Automation — the system is fully automated at the hardware level. Water pumps activate only when soil moisture drops below a configured threshold, so water isn't wasted on already-wet soil.
• Web dashboard — a Next.js app with Firebase authentication that I built to visualize the system. It uses WebSockets to stream the hardware telemetry instantly, so a farmer sees moisture and flow readings update live rather than on a poll.
• Weather-aware watering — the frontend integrates temperature and solar-radiation data from the SolCast and OpenWeather APIs, so the system can anticipate watering needs from weather, not just react to soil sensors.

The result is a centralized, data-driven dashboard for precision agriculture — the farmer can see the field state and the weather context together, and the hardware handles the watering automatically.